Resumo O tratamento da aids implica a utilização de diversos medicamentos que compõem a terapia antirretroviral, sendo o controle logístico monitorado por um sistema nacional informatizado de dispensação, o Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos (SICLOM). O objetivo foi investigar a utilização da terapia antirretroviral de pacientes de dois hospitais universitários no Estado do Rio de Janeiro a partir do SICLOM. Foi realizado um estudo seccional com coleta de dados sociodemográficos e de dispensação, a partir do SICLOM. A avaliação da posse para estimativa de pacientes não aderidos foi realizada através do indicador de proporção de dias cobertos (PDC). Foram incluídos 538 pacientes com cadastro ativo no SICLOM, maiores de 18 anos de ambos os sexos. O ARV mais utilizado em ambos os hospitais foi lamivudina, dentre 58 esquemas diferentes identificados. A maior parte dos pacientes utilizava esquemas classificados como de primeira linha de tratamento. Em média, a proporção de dias cobertos (posse) pelo tratamento foi 88% (± 0,16). A linha de tratamento mostrou associação estatística com a posse, sendo observado melhor PDC 91% (p < 0,001) para os esquemas resgate. Este estudo corroborou o SICLOM como uma boa fonte para conhecimento do perfil de utilização de ARV.

Abstract Treatment of AIDS involves the use of the cocktail of drugs that make up the antiretroviral therapy. Its logistic control is monitored by a computerized national system of dispensation, the Logistic Control System of Medication (SICLOM). This study aimed to investigate, by means of SICLOM data, the use of antiretroviral therapy in patients treated at two University Hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A cross-sectional study was conducted with sociodemographic and dispensation data collected from SICLOM. The evaluation of drug ownership was done by calculating the Proportion of Days Covered (PDC). Five hundred and thirty-eight patients of both genders with active registration in SICLOM and over 18 years of age were included. The ART most used in both hospitals was lamivudine, considering the total of 58 different schemes identified. The mean of possession of groups was 88% (± 0,16). The factor associated with possession of drugs was the ART scheme, with PDC of 91% (p<0,001) for rescue schemes. This study confirmed that SICLOM was a reliable source to establish the profile of the population assisted.

Resumo O tratamento da aids implica a utilização de diversos medicamentos que compõem a terapia antirretroviral, sendo o controle logístico monitorado por um sistema nacional informatizado de dispensação, o Sistema de Controle Logístico de Medicamentos (SICLOM). O objetivo foi investigar a utilização da terapia antirretroviral de pacientes de dois hospitais universitários no Estado do Rio de Janeiro a partir do SICLOM. Foi realizado um estudo seccional com coleta de dados sociodemográficos e de dispensação, a partir do SICLOM. A avaliação da posse para estimativa de pacientes não aderidos foi realizada através do indicador de proporção de dias cobertos (PDC). Foram incluídos 538 pacientes com cadastro ativo no SICLOM, maiores de 18 anos de ambos os sexos. O ARV mais utilizado em ambos os hospitais foi lamivudina, dentre 58 esquemas diferentes identificados. A maior parte dos pacientes utilizava esquemas classificados como de primeira linha de tratamento. Em média, a proporção de dias cobertos (posse) pelo tratamento foi 88% (± 0,16). A linha de tratamento mostrou associação estatística com a posse, sendo observado melhor PDC 91% (p < 0,001) para os esquemas resgate. Este estudo corroborou o SICLOM como uma boa fonte para conhecimento do perfil de utilização de ARV.

Abstract Treatment of AIDS involves the use of the cocktail of drugs that make up the antiretroviral therapy. Its logistic control is monitored by a computerized national system of dispensation, the Logistic Control System of Medication (SICLOM). This study aimed to investigate, by means of SICLOM data, the use of antiretroviral therapy in patients treated at two University Hospitals in the state of Rio de Janeiro. A cross-sectional study was conducted with sociodemographic and dispensation data collected from SICLOM. The evaluation of drug ownership was done by calculating the Proportion of Days Covered (PDC). Five hundred and thirty-eight patients of both genders with active registration in SICLOM and over 18 years of age were included. The ART most used in both hospitals was lamivudine, considering the total of 58 different schemes identified. The mean of possession of groups was 88% (± 0,16). The factor associated with possession of drugs was the ART scheme, with PDC of 91% (p<0,001) for rescue schemes. This study confirmed that SICLOM was a reliable source to establish the profile of the population assisted.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to conduct an assessment of pharmaceutical services in HIV/AIDS in the city of Niteroi, Brazil, with emphasis on management. It was done a descriptive cross-sectional study, and the approach used was a normative assessment focused on quality. The indicators used were analyzed individually or grouped according to the components of pharmaceutical services. The assessment identified some good points, especially regarding the good availability of ARVs, and good guide patients in the use of these drugs, and also some problems such as low levels of compliance in relation to good dispensing practices criteria and storage and a high time for the distribution of medicines. The result was a degree of 50.3% compliance with the quality criteria, considered only regular in accordance with trial made. Proposals were suggested for actions and interventions, especially in relation to the improvement of structural conditions of pharmacies of health facilities in the city, and increased training of professionals involved in the services.

Three isolates of Streptococcus agalactiae, recovered from residents of the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro with significant bacteriuria, were found to be resistant to levofloxacin. Determination of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) confirmed one isolate as intermediate and two as resistant to levofloxacin. No reduction in levofloxacin MIC was observed with reserpine, indicating that resistance was not caused by an efflux mechanism. Typical point mutations were observed in the quinolone resistance determinant region of gyrA and parC. Other point mutations in parC generated novel altered codons: Ser80→Pro in the intermediate resistance isolate, and Gly128→Asp in a resistant isolate. Through molecular modeling, it was possible to observe that these novel substitutions might not play a role in resistance, since these amino acids were not involved in the antibiotic binding site. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis profiles revealed a non-clonal trend among these isolates. This is the first report of genetic characterization of levofloxacin-resistant S. agalactiae strains in Brazil.

Para melhorar o processo ensino-aprendizagem no curso de Química Medicinal novas estratégias estão sendo incorporadas às aulas práticas desta disciplina fundamental do currículo farmacêutico. Muitas mudanças e melhorias vêm marcando a área de química medicinal e por isso é importante que os alunos sejam colocados nestas novas abordagens na área, com a utilização de recursos tecnológicos. As atividades práticas foram direcionadas para a avaliação dos dados químicos e físico-químicos de fármacos que influenciam as propriedades farmacocinéticas com o auxílio de técnicas computacionais. Os objetivos foram permitir aos alunos conhecer essas ferramentas, saber como acessá-las, procurar as estruturas de fármacos e analisar os resultados. Este é o primeiro estudo publicado no Brasil que apresenta aula prática computacional sobre o tema farmacocinética. As aulas práticas utilizando os servidores Osiris e Molinspiration foram atraentes para os alunos, que desenvolveram as atividades com maior facilidade e sedimentaram o conhecimento teórico adquirido em sala de aula.

To improve the teaching-learning process in the Medicinal Chemistry course, new strategies have been incorporated into practical classes of this fundamental discipline of the pharmaceutical curriculum. Many changes and improvements have been made in the area of medicinal chemistry so far, and students should be prepared for these new approaches with the use of technological resources in this field. Practical activities using computational techniques have been directed to the evaluation of chemical and physicochemical properties that affect the pharmacokinetics of drugs. Their objectives were to allow students to know these tools, to learn how to access them, to search for the structures of drugs and to analyze results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Brazil to demonstrate the use of computational practices in teaching pharmacokinetics. Practical classes using Osiris and Molinspiration were attractive to students, who developed the activities easily and acquired better theoretical knowledge.